
I was a member of the 2004 expedition that collected this deep-sea coral in the Gulf of Alaska using the submersible Alvin. Here is what I wrote about my Alvin dive: “On Wednesday, a kilometer under the surface of the sea, we glided over a Seussian landscape of pocked manganese-covered boulders on which corals and sponges had found a foothold to grow. Many of the sponges were towering white inverted cones, slender at the bottom site of attachment, and widening as they reached up into the water column. Others were squat, white and puffy, or bright yellow and fabulously ruffled like a flamenco dancer’s skirt….We had reached a coral paradise, with delicate filigreed white primnoids, the bulbous pink paragorgias (bubblegum corals), and both branched and unbranched bamboo corals. The unbranched ones were slender pale commas, spirals, or question marks. The branched bamboos were majestic candelabras, many adorned with the sweeper tentacles at the base….Sprinkled among this framework of sponges and corals were red spider crabs, little darting shrimp with demon-red eyes that glowed in the reflected light, fat white starfish that looked like pin-cushions, orange tufted anemones, and the sinuous arms of sea stars. Often these creatures were festooned over the larger corals, perhaps using the elevation to reach a more favorable spot in the water column. The crabs were frequently seen with their claws extended out into the current, maybe waiting for a meal to float by. The dominant fish seems to be the rat-tail; we would see their long dark shapes swishing over the sea floor. One swam right under my viewport, and I could look down on its bony head and enormous dark eyes.”
Photo: Gulf of Alaska Seamount Expedition. Large paragorgia coral with galatheid crabs in a sponge forest on Welker Seamount at about 700 meters depth. Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Alaska. (Public domain: By Gulf of Alaska 2004. NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration)